Panic Disorder

Acknowledgments
This booklet was written by Mary Lynn Hendrix, science writer in
the Office of Scientific Information, National Institute of
Mental Health. Scientific review was provided by Frederick K.
Goodwin, M.D.; Hagop Akiskal, M.D.; David Barlow, Ph.D.; Bernard
Beitman, M.D.; Susan Blumenthal, M.D.; Alan Leshner, Ph.D.; Jack
Maser, Ph.D.; Larry Michelson, Ph.D.; Jerilyn Ross, M.A.,
L.I.C.S.W.; Michael Telch, Ph.D.; Gary Tucker, M.D.; Thomas Uhde,
M.D.; Myrna Weissman, Ph.D.; and Sally Winston, Psy.D.

This booklet is provided by the NIMH Panic Disorder Education
Program. For more information, call 1-800-64-PANIC.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Public Health Service

National Institutes of Health

National Institute of Mental Health

NIH Publication No. 95-3509

Printed 1993, Reprinted 1995

Updated: September 13, 2022
REFERENCES
Barlow, D.H., and Craske, M.G. Mastery of Your Anxiety and
Panic. Albany, NY: Graywind Publications, 1988.

Beck, A.T., and Emery, G., with Greenberg, R. Anxiety
Disorders and Phobias: A Cognitive Perspective. New York:
Basic Books, 1985.

Gold, M.S. The Good News About Panic, Anxiety, and
Phobias. New York: Bantam, 1989.

Greist, J.H., and Jefferson, J.W. Panic Disorder and
Agoraphobia: A Guide. Madison, WI: Anxiety Disorders
Center and Information Centers, University of Wisconsin, 1992.

Hecker, J.E., and Thorpe, G.L. Agoraphobia and Panic: A
Guide to Psychological Treatment. Needham Heights, MA:
Allyn and Bacon, 1992.

Katon, W. Panic Disorder in the Medical Setting. NIH
Pub. No. 93-3482. Washington, DC: Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt.
Print. Off., 1993.

Kernodle, W.D. Panic Disorder. Richmond, VA: William
Byrd Press, 1991.

Klerman, G.L., et al., eds. Panic Anxiety and Its Treatments.
Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1993.

Mathews, A.M.; Gelder, M.G.; and Johnston, D.W. Agoraphobia:
Nature and Treatment. New York and London: Guilford Press,
1981.

National Institutes of Health. NIH Consensus Development
Conference Statement, Vol. 9, No. 2. Treatment of Panic
Disorder. Bethesda, MD: NIH, September 1991.

Rachman, S., and Maser, J.D. Panic: Psychological
Perspectives. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates, 1988.

Sheehan, D.V. The Anxiety Disease. New York: Bantam,
1986.

Wilson, R.R. Don’t Panic: Taking Control of Anxiety Attacks.
New York: Harper and Row, 1986.

Brain and Mental Health

References and Sources: Medline, Pubmed, National Institutes of Health

last update: February 2009